CANIS LUPUS: ALSO KNOWN AS THE GRAY WOLF OR GREY WOLF

Canis Lupus: Also Known As the Gray Wolf or Grey Wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, and gray wolves, as colloquially understood, comprise non-domestic/feral subspecies.

Pack-hunting animals such as gray wolves frequently impose a strict hierarchical order, with an alpha male and female dominating the other pack members. Successful coordination is required to bring down large prey, but once caught, the communal nature of the pack breaks down, and high-ranking individuals may get prime access to morsels from the carcass.

Perhaps surprisingly, antagonism is rare among the wolves in the pack, since hierarchies are usually quite stable and are generally well established. A subordinate actively displays its position within the group by crouching in front of the dominant wolf with its ears laid back and tail wagging. Although submissive, the action appears to be friendly, since the subordinate will then push and lick at the muzzle of the dominant, and gently bite it.

SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION OF CANIS LUPUS (GRAY WOLF).

Canis Lupus (Wolf).

Of all members of the genus Canis, the wolf is most specialized for cooperative game hunting as demonstrated by its physical adaptations to tackling large prey, its more social nature, and its highly advanced expressive behavior. It travels in nuclear families consisting of a mated pair accompanied by their offspring.

Offspring may leave to form their own packs on the onset of sexual maturity and in response to competition for food within the pack. Wolves are also territorial and fights over territory are among the principal causes of wolf mortality.

The wolf is mainly a carnivore and feeds on large wild hooved mammals as well as smaller animals, livestock, carrion, and garbage. Single wolves or mated pairs typically have higher success rates in hunting than do large packs. Pathogens and parasites, notably rabies virus, may infect wolves.

Also, Wolves live in packs of about 20, which are led by a male and female. They are meat-eaters and all work together to hunt and kill. They can grow up to 1 m (3 ft) tall and have very sharp teeth, which are useful for tearing up meat.

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